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NEW DELHI 鈥� India will begin the world's largest lockdown on Wednesday, Prime Minister Narendra Modi announced in a TV address, warning citizens to stay inside or risk inviting the pandemic into their homes, and pledging $2 billion to bolster the country's beleaguered health care system.

鈥淭o save India and every Indian, there will be a total ban on venturing out,鈥� Modi said Tuesday night, acknowledging that the 21-day lockdown would be a major blow to the economy, but insisting that the alternative could set the country back 21 years.

The move puts nearly one-fifth of the world's population under lockdown.

The announcement set off panic in many neighbourhoods as people rushed to markets to stock up on supplies. At many places, police tried to disperse crowds outside stores.

Indian health officials have reported 469 active cases of COVID-19, the disease caused by the virus, and 10 deaths. Officials have repeatedly insisted there is no evidence yet of localized spread but have conducted relatively scant testing for the disease. In a country where tens of millions live in dense urban areas with irregular access to clean water, experts have said local spreading is inevitable.

For weeks, while the coronavirus wracked neighbouring China and other parts of Asia, India's official infection toll stood at just three, all students in the Chinese epicenter, Wuhan, who were treated in their home state of Kerala and recovered from the disease.

But since the World Health Organization declared the coronavirus a global pandemic, triggering India's government to invoke a British Raj-era epidemic act giving it sweeping powers to contain the disease, the cases have been growing rapidly and, according to Modi, have the potential to 鈥渟pread like wildfire.鈥�

In recent days, India had gradually expanded stay-at-home orders, banned international and domestic flights and suspended passenger service on its extensive rail system until March 31.

Modi called Tuesday's order a 鈥渢otal lockdown鈥� and did not address whether any service providers would be exempt, but said that "all steps have been taken by central and state government to ensure supply of essential items.鈥�

The ministry of home affairs said essential services including grocery stores, banks, ATMs and gas stations will remain open. It said no more than 20 people will be permitted to attend funerals.

It was not clear what the lockdown would mean for about 300 million Indians who according to official data live below the poverty line.

Indian finance minister Nirmala Sitharaman said a comprehensive relief package would be announced soon.

The lockdown 鈥渉as essentially drawn a 鈥榣axman rekha鈥� on our doors,鈥� Modi said, referring to a line drawn by the hero of the Hindu epic 鈥淩amayana鈥� to protect his wife's dwelling place. 鈥淵ou must remember that you will invite a grave pandemic like coronavirus to your homes if you step out.鈥�

Indian virologist Dr. T. Jacob John said before the wholesale lockdown was announced on Tuesday that India was being forced to take extreme containment measures after failing to mitigate the problem earlier on, when the caseload was light.

鈥淭here would have been time because the wolf was not yet at the door. Now today the wolf's inside the door and India鈥檚 supposed to calmly respond with a wolf in the corner,鈥� he said.

Emily Schmall And Sheikh Saaliq, The Associated Press